Open Knowledge Resources

Open (Social) Scholarship

Definitions

Open scholarship is “the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.” —Jonathan Tennant et al.,1 “Foundations for Open Scholarship Strategy Development”

Open social scholarship “enables the creation, sharing, and engagement of research by specialists and non-specialists in accessible and significant ways.” —INKE Partnership

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    Open Knowledge

    Definition

    “‘Open knowledge’ is any content, information or data that people are free to use, re-use and redistribute — without any legal, technological or social restriction. [. . .] Open knowledge is what open data becomes when it’s useful, usable and used.” — Open Knowledge Foundation, “What Is Open?

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      Open Access

      Definition

      “Open Access literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.” —Peter Suber, Open Access

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      Open Data

      Definitions

      “Open data is defined as structured data that is machine-readable, freely shared, used and built on without restrictions.” —Government of Canada, “Open Data 101

      “Definitions of open data build on the very broad definitions of data and, in an overall sense, open data describes data that is openly available – i.e. accessible, understandable and open to reuse” —Bridgette Wessels, Rachel Finn, Thordis Sveinsdottir, and Kush Wadhwa, Open Data and the Knowledge Society

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          1. Jonathan Tennant, Jennifer E. Beamer, Jeroen Bosman, Björn Brembs, Neo Christopher Chung, Gail Clement, Tom Crick, Jonathan Dugan, Alastair Dunning, David Eccles, Asura Enkhbayar, Daniel Graziotin, Rachel Harding, Johanna Havemann, Daniel S. Katz, Kshitiz Khanal, Jesper Norgaard Kjaer, Tim Koder, Paul Macklin, Christopher R. Madan, Paola Masuzzo, Lisa Matthias, Katja Mayer, David M. Nichols, Elli Papadopoulou, Thomas Pasquier, Tony Ross-Hellauer, Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Dan Sholler, Tobias Steiner, Pawel Szczesny, and Andy Turner.
          2. Arturo Muente Kunigami, Craig Hammer, Cristina Velez, Elena Goldstein, Fabrizio Scrollini, Fabro Steibel, Faith Bosworth, Fernando Perini, Fredy Rodriguez, Gabriela Hadid, Jeni Tennison, Juan Carlos Lara, Laura Bacon, Lucia Abelenda, Luis Alonso Fulchi Maricarmen Sequera, Maria Paz Hermosilla Cornejo, Maurice McNaughton, Michael Jarvis, Muchiri Nyaggah, Nancy Salem, Nnenna Nwakanma, Pilar Saenz, Richard Stirling, and Teemu Ropponen.